What is Piston Pump? Types of Piston Pump

What is Piston Pump?  

A piston pump is a type of positive displacement pump that uses reciprocating pistons to move fluid through a system. The pump is typically comprised of a cylinder and a piston that moves back and forth inside the cylinder to create pressure and move fluid.

Fig. 1: Radial Pison Pump

Types of Piston Pumps

There are several different types of piston pumps, including:

1. Single-acting piston pump: This type of pump has one piston that moves in one direction to create pressure and move fluid. The pump typically has a one-way valve that allows fluid to enter and exit the cylinder.
2. Double-acting piston pump: This type of pump has two pistons that move in opposite directions to create pressure and move fluid. The pump typically has two one-way valves that allow fluid to enter and exit the cylinder.
3. Axial piston pump: This type of pump has multiple pistons that are arranged in a circular pattern around a central shaft. The pistons move back and forth as the central shaft rotates to create pressure and move fluid.
4. Radial piston pump: This type of pump has multiple pistons that are arranged in a circular pattern around a central cylinder. The pistons move in and out of the cylinder to create pressure and move fluid.
5. Triplex piston pump: This type of pump has three pistons that are arranged in a triangular pattern around a central shaft. The pistons move back and forth as the central shaft rotates to create pressure and move fluid.

Piston pumps are commonly used in a variety of applications, including hydraulic systems, chemical processing, and oil and gas production. They are known for their high efficiency, reliability, and ability to handle high pressure and viscous fluids.